Summary

The project focuses on developing an alternative delivery platform to treat varroa infestation. At present, synthetic acaricides are the most frequent agent used to treat varroa. However, population resistance has been observed and toxic derivatives found in apiculture by-products. Moreover, the use of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants has most recently gained recognition. Plant derivates thymol (thyme) and Beta-acids (hops) present in commercial products exhibit antiparasitic properties against varroa. However, major limitations surrounding delivery is presented via limited interaction at the site of varroa reproduction. The project will focus on extracting Beta-acids from hops botanical waste sourced from the distillery industry. The application of hops flower (cone) in the distillery industry is well documented being a bittering agent of beer. In addition, production of 1hL of beer generates approximately 0.2-0.4kg spent hops, classified being a waste by-product. Repurposing of hops waste sourced from the distillery industry is achievable due to 80% retainment of bioactive compounds. Chemical and physical properties of Beta-acids accommodate the potential of repurposing, via aqueous insolubility and containing a high boiling point. Our product will investigate Beta-acid extraction from hops distillery waste achieved via ‘green’ extraction process known as sub-critical water. The development of a Beta-acids delivery platform will be examined via delivery of traditional carboard strip coating and slow-release sponge treatment; Extracted Beta-acids will be utilised in developing an alternative varroa treatment delivery platform. Furthermore, an in vivo safety trial will be performed against Apis cerana to evaluate hive performance post treatment; Weight, Temperature, Mortality, Brood health.

Program

Honey Bee

Research Organisation

La Trobe University

Objective Summary

• Investigate alternative methods for delivering beta-acids as a treatment – A ‘green’ extraction process using water will be exercised to source the ant-pesticide compound of interest (Beta-acids).
• Compare the effectiveness of an alternative delivery method with a traditional approach.
• Assess treatment delivery’s impact honeybee hive health; Weight, Temperature, Mortality, Brood health.