Poultry pathogen research to crack kinky back

A new CQUniversity (CQU) led research project is addressing a fast-spreading pathogen that’s ruffling feathers across the Australian poultry industry.

Enterococcus cecorum (EC) is a contagious microorganism that causes severe health issues in birds. The infection can cause compression of the spinal cord, also known as ‘kinky back’, leading to paralysis and mortality.

The Integrated Investigation of Enterococcus cecorum Prevalence, Transmission Routes, Predisposition Factors, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Mitigation Strategies in Broilers study is supported by the AgriFutures Chicken Meat Program.

Researchers from CQU’s Institute for Future Farming Systems (IFFS) are conducting a comprehensive investigation into the prevalence, transmission routes, predisposing factors and pathogenic mechanisms of EC.

IFFS Molecular Microbiology Cluster Leader, Professor Dana Stanley described EC as one of the fastest-growing health challenges in poultry production.

“This pathogen has serious implications for the health of birds and the profitability of the industry,” Professor Stanley said.

“We’re working to uncover the role of coinfection and microbial communication, how it spreads, how it causes disease, and, most importantly, how we can stop it.”

The research team is leveraging the most extensive dataset ever assembled on poultry microbiota by combining 165 studies. The study will utilise artificial intelligence-assisted prediction and analysis models to thoroughly interpret every aspect of EC outbreaks.

Professor Stanley explained that this novel approach will provide valuable insights into EC’s genomic profile.

“Our work goes beyond identifying the pathogen—we’re uncovering its full genomic blueprint. This is critical for designing interventions that are not only effective but also sustainable in the long term,” she said.

“We utilise genomics, molecular typing, and co-culture experiments using a continuous culture gut simulator fermentation system.

“The gut simulator allows us to test how EC behaves in the presence of other bacteria and additives like probiotics and prebiotics. This is vital for identifying co-infection mechanisms and designing targeted interventions.”

She added that the research is also focused on developing effective mitigation strategies to support the sustainability of broiler farming. The team aims to develop a suite of solutions, including enhanced biosecurity measures, probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogen-based interventions.

“We’re committed to translating our findings into practical strategies that improve animal welfare, reduce industry losses, and ensure sustainability,” Professor Stanley said.

“This research represents a significant step forward in combating EC. By understanding its behaviour and interactions at a molecular level, we can provide producers with the tools they need to protect their flocks and their jobs.”

Original article published by CQU, author Tiahna Fiddling

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