Fact sheet: Weed management

This fact sheet looks at how invasive grasses and broadleaf weeds affect oat hay quality and export standards.

Weeds can lower hay value by changing colour, adding taints or toxins, and reducing feed quality. Seed heads can also make hay less suitable for sale, and clean hay is essential for export. If weed levels rise above 5%, hay can be downgraded or rejected.

Importing countries have strict rules. These include limits on weed species and zero tolerance for some risks. Annual ryegrass toxicity and prickly weeds are not accepted in export hay.

The fact sheet explains practical ways to manage weeds in oat crops. It covers chemical, mechanical and cultural control methods.

These include careful herbicide use, rotating herbicide groups, and using the right rates. Other options include grazing, mulching, cover crops, and newer methods such as solarisation and heat-based control.

Regular crop checks and early action are key, helping reduce weed spread and protect yield and quality.

By using a mix of control methods and seeking expert advice when needed, growers can maintain hay quality, meet export rules, and support long-term farming success.